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boron symbol

Boron

Boron is the 5th Element of Periodic table with atomic number 5, atomic weight 10.811. Boron, symbol B, has a Simple Trigonal structure and Black color. Boron is a metalloid element. Trivial name of Boron is triels, icosagens. Know everything about Boron Facts, Physical Properties, Chemical Properties, Electronic configuration, Atomic and Crystal Structure.

boron

History of Boron

The element Boron was discovered by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac in year 1808 in France and United Kingdom . Boron derived its name from borax, a minera.

Boron is a metalloid chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5. Produced entirely by cosmic ray spallation and supernovae and not by stellar nucleosynthesis, it is a low-abundance element in both the Solar system and the Earth’s crust. Boron is concentrated on Earth by the water-solubility of its more common naturally occurring compounds, the borate minerals

How to Locate Boron on Periodic Table

Periodic table is arranged by atomic number, number of protons in the nucleus which is same as number of electrons. The atomic number increases from left to right. Periodic table starts at top left ( Atomic number 1) and ends at bottom right (atomic number 118). Therefore you can directly look for atomic number 4 to find Beryllium on periodic table.

Another way to read periodic table and locate an element is by using group number (column) and period number (row). To locate Beryllium on periodic table look for cross section of group 2 and period 2 in the modern periodic table.

Boron Facts

Name
Boron
Atomic Symbol
B
Atomic Number
5
Atomic Weight
10.811
Phase
Solid
Colour
Black
Classification
Metalloid
Group in Periodic Table
13
Group Name
Boron family
Period in Periodic Table
2
Block in Periodic Table
p-block
Electronic Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p1
Melting Point
2075 °C
Boiling Point
4000 °C
Electronic Shell Structure
[2 3]
CAS Number
CAS7440-42-8

Boron Atomic Structure and Orbital Properties

Boron atoms have 4 electrons and the electronic shell structure is [2, 2] with Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers) 1S0.

boron atomic structure
isotopes of boron

Properties

Atomic Structure of Boron

Atomic Number
5
Atomic Radius
87 pm (0.87 Å)
Number of Electrons (with no charge)
5
Atomic Volume
4.39471544715 cm3
Number of Protons
5
Covalent Radius
82 pm (0.82 Å)
Mass Number
11
Van der Waals Radius
NA
Number of Neutrons
6
Neutron Cross Section
755 σa/barns
Shell structure (Electrons per energy level)
[2 3]
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p1
Valence Electrons
2s2 2p1
Oxidation State
-5;-1 1;2;3
Atomic Term Symbol (Quantum Numbers)
2P1/2

Ground State Electronic Configuration of Boron - neutral Boron atom

The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Boron atom is [He] 2s2 2p1. The portion of Boron configuration that is equivalent to the noble gas of the preceding period, is abbreviated as [He]. For atoms with many electrons, this notation can become lengthy and so an abbreviated notation is used.This is important as it is the Valence electrons 2s2 2p1, electrons in the outermost shell that determine the chemical properties of the element.

Unabbreviated electronic configuration of neutral Boron

Complete ground state electronic configuration for the Boron atom, Unabbreviated electronic configuration

1s2 2s2 2p1

Atomic Spectrum of Boron

Atomic Spectrum of Boron